Optimisation of TNI Personnel Postings Using an Android-Based AHP System

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31294/reputasi.v7i1.12683

Keywords:

Analytic Hierarchy Process, TNI personnel placement, recommendation system

Abstract

Efficiency and objectivity in the placement of Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) personnel are crucial aspects of military human resource management. This study aims to develop an Android-based personnel placement recommendation system using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to support faster, more accurate, and consistent decision-making. The study population comprised 300 active TNI personnel, with a purposive sample of 120 personnel possessing complete data on rank, length of service, education, competency, and disciplinary records. Data were collected from internal documents, personnel records, performance reports, and information from the TNI Air Force Planning and Budget Staff. The results indicate that rank and length of service are the dominant criteria, while education, competency, and disciplinary records provide additional contribution. The system generates objective, consistent, and user-friendly recommendations, validated through functionality and user acceptance testing. The findings demonstrate that implementing AHP in an Android-based recommendation system enhances efficiency, transparency, and objectivity in personnel placement and has potential for adoption in other TNI units or similar military organizations

References

Aggarwal, A., Sharma, I., Kukreja, V., & Verma, T. (2025). Assessing and Ranking the Skills Required for IT Personnel: A Hybrid Decision-Making Model Using Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS. Global Knowledge Management. https://www.emerald.com/gkmc/article/doi/10.1108/GKMC-05-2024-0253/1256899

Akimova, F., & Luchian, A. M. (2024). Strategic HRM for Military Organizations: Improving Operational Effectiveness. Review of the Air Force Academy. https://www.afahc.ro/ro/revista/2025_2/ReviewAFA-No2.2025.pdf#page=80

Alhyasat, K. M., Alkhazali, Z., & Hanandeh, R. (2025). The Impact of Data-Driven Decision-Making, Real-Time Analytics, and Ethical Data Practices on HR Performance and Employee Satisfaction. Data and Analytics Journal. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Khaled-Alhyasat/publication/390635708_The_Impact_of_Data-Driven_Decision-Making_Real-Time_Analytics_and_Ethical_Data_Practices_on_HR_Performance_and_Employee_Satisfaction/links/6800422260241d51400d65d7/The-Impact-of-Da

Alkhazali, Z., & Setyaningrum, L. (2025). People Analytics and Its Role in Military HRM. Military Personnel Review Journal. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tess-Horlings-2/publication/372862425_%27Battling_information_overload_in_military_intelligence_security_organisations%27_in_Towards_a_Data-Driven_Military_A_Multidisciplinary_Perspective_eds_Peter_Pijpers-Mark-Voskuij

Azhar, N. A., Radzi, N. A. M., Wan Ahmad, W. S. H. M., & Zaki, W. M. D. W. (2021). Multi-criteria decision making: A systematic review. Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering, 9(4), 345–357. https://doi.org/10.2174/2352096514666211029112443

Bauer, T., Erdogan, B., Caughlin, D., & Truxillo, D. (2023). Human Resource Management: People, Data, and Analytics. Springer. https://www.bauer.uh.edu/departments/management-leadership/docs/syllabi/MANA-7380-People-Analytics_Spring-2022_Abbott.pdf

Campion, M. A., Fink, A. A., Ruggeberg, B. J., Carr, L., Phillips, G. M., & Odman, R. B. (2011). Doing Competencies Well: Best Practices in Competency Modeling. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 225–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01207.x

Chen, Z. (2023). Ethics and Discrimination in Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Recruitment Practices. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10, 567. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02079-x

Costa, I. P. A., Terra, A. V, Moreira, M. Â. L., & Pereira, M. T. (2022). A Systematic Approach to the Management of Military Human Resources Through the ELECTRE-MOr Multicriteria Method. Algorithms. https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/11/422

Crosby, B., Thompson, N., & Harrington, L. M. (2025). Modernizing Department of Defense Civilian Human Resources. RAND Corporation. https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RRA3400/RRA3462-1/RAND_RRA3462-1.pdf

Dagher, J., Boustani, N. M., & Khneyzer, C. (2024). Unlocking HRM Challenges: Exploring Motivation and Job Satisfaction within Military Service (LAF). Administrative Sciences, 14(4), 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14040063

Dhammayanti, K., Wicaksana, A., & Hansun, S. (2019). Position Placement DSS Using Profile Matching and Analytical Hierarchy Process. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 8(12), 121–128. https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/dec2019/Position-Placement-Dss-Using-Profile-Matching-And-Analytical-Hierarchy-Process.pdf

Dimitrijevic, M. Z., & Nikolic, M. M. (2025). The Role of Strategic Human Resource Management in the Security System. International Journal of Military Studies. https://savearchive.zbw.eu/bitstream/11159/1154293/1/1938324803_0.pdf#page=103

García-Izquierdo, A. L., Moscoso, S., & Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J. (2012). Reactions to the Fairness of Promotion Methods: Procedural Justice and Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 20(4), 394–403. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12002

Gati, R. A., & Utomo, T. W. W. (2024). Talent Management in Indonesian National Armed Force: Addressing Personnel Bottlenecks. Jurnal Borneo Administrator, 20(2), 133–146. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v20i2.1448

Grier, R. A. (2012). Military cognitive readiness at the operational and strategic levels: A theoretical model for measurement development. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 6(4), 358–392. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555343412444606

Herrera, G. J. (2020). The fundamentals of military readiness. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD1117085.pdf

Hwang, C.-L., & Yoon, K. (1981). Methods for Multiple Attribute Decision Making. In Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications (hal. 58–191). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48318-9_3

Hwang, C. L., & Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48318-9

International Institute for Strategic Studies. (2024). The Military Balance 2024. Routledge. https://www.iiss.org/publications/the-military-balance/the-military-balance-2024/

Irwanto, B., Yudharto, T. K., & Komarudin, K. (2026). Talent Management System and its Application in Competency and Performance-Based Personnel Placement. International Research Journal of Economics and Management Studies, 5(1), 172–178. https://doi.org/10.56472/25835238/IRJEMS-V5I1P120

Ishizaka, A., & Labib, A. (2011). Review of the Main Developments in the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(11), 14336–14345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2011.04.143

Junor, L. J. (2017). Managing military readiness. National Defense University Press. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/AD1030355.pdf

Kavafoğlu, O. (2024). Performance Evaluation of Matching Algorithms in a Recruitment Platform: Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach. ProQuest. https://search.proquest.com/openview/5c020e090aff3243cdfa38994343459e/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750

Kelemenis, A., & Askounis, D. (2010). A New TOPSIS-Based Multi-Criteria Approach to Personnel Selection. Expert Systems with Applications, 37(7), 4999–5008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2009.12.013

Köchling, A., & Wehner, M. C. (2020). Discriminated by an Algorithm: A Systematic Review of Discrimination and Fairness by Algorithmic Decision-Making in the Context of HR Recruitment and HR Development. Business Research, 13, 795–848. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-020-00134-w

Kristof-Brown, A. L., Zimmerman, R. D., & Johnson, E. C. (2005). Consequences of Individuals’ Fit at Work: A Meta-Analysis of Person--Job, Person--Organization, Person--Group, and Person--Supervisor Fit. Personnel Psychology, 58(2), 281–342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00672.x

Kusumawardani, R. P., & Agintiara, M. (2015). Application of Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS Method for Decision Making in Human Resource Manager Selection Process. Procedia Computer Science, 72, 638–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.173

Lepri, B., Oliver, N., Letouzé, E., Pentland, A., & Vinck, P. (2018). Fair, Transparent, and Accountable Algorithmic Decision-Making Processes: The Premise, the Proposed Solutions, and the Open Challenges. Philosophy & Technology, 31, 611–627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-017-0279-x

Mardani, A., Jusoh, A., & Zavadskas, E. K. (2018). Multi-Criteria Decision-Making: Methods and Applications. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60729-9

Naveed, Q., Aseere, A. M., & Muhammad, A. (2021). Evaluating and ranking mobile learning factors using a multi-criterion decision-making (MCDM) approach. qnaveed.com. http://www.qnaveed.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/TSP_IASC_42533.pdf

Opricovic, S., & Tzeng, G. H. (2004). Compromise solution by MCDM methods: A comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS. European Journal of Operational Research, 156(2), 445–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00020-1

Panigati, T., Zini, M., Striccoli, D., Giordano, P. F., Tonelli, D., Limongelli, M. P., & Zonta, D. (2025). Drone-based bridge inspections: Current practices and future directions. Automation in Construction, 173(February), 106101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2025.106101

Rodriguez, D., Patel, R., Bright, A., Gregory, D., & Gowing, M. K. (2002). Developing Competency Models to Promote Integrated Human Resource Practices. Human Resource Management, 41(3), 309–324. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.10043

Rubin, E. V. (2009). The Role of Procedural Justice in Public Personnel Management: Empirical Results from the Department of Defense. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 19(1), 125–143. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mun012

Saadi, M. R., Ahmad, S. Z., & Hussain, M. (2017). Prioritization of citizens’ preferences for using mobile government services: the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach. Emerald. https://www.emerald.com/tg/article-pdf/11/3/476/2883664/tg-04-2017-0020.pdf

Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process. McGraw-Hill.

Saaty, T. L. (1990). How to make a decision: The analytic hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48(1), 9–26.

Salehzadeh, R., & Ziaeian, M. (2024). Decision Making in Human Resource Management: A Systematic Review of the Applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1400772. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1400772

Schulker, D., Walsh, M., & Kochhar, A. K. (2022). Machine Learning-Enabled Recommendations for the Air Force Officer Assignment System. RAND Corporation. https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RRA1100/RRA1198-2/RAND_RRA1198-2.pdf

Setiawan, B. (2024). Enhancing Human Resources competency in a Defense University: Strategies and best practices. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan. http://journal.staihubbulwathan.id/index.php/alishlah/article/download/5796/2460

Setyaningrum, L., Abdurachman, E., Warnars, H. L. H. S., & Suroso, J. S. (2023). Predicting the Position of Military Personnel in a Career Pattern with TOPSIS Algorithm and Recommendation System. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 101(8), 1531–1545. https://www.jtaat.com

Shortland, N., Alison, L., & Barrett-Pink, C. (2018). Military (in)decision-making process: A psychological framework to examine decision inertia in military operations. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 19(6), 752–772. https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2018.1497726

Silva, J. F. D. (2025). People Analytics in the Portuguese Army. Military Personnel Management Journal. https://comum.rcaap.pt/bitstreams/283410bc-cca3-49d6-a30b-3bb0bdc954cf/download

Sørlie, H. O., Hetland, J., Dysvik, A., Fosse, T. H., & Martinsen, Ø. L. (2020). Person-Organization Fit in a Military Selection Context. Military Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2020.1724752

Tambe, P., Cappelli, P., & Yakubovich, V. (2019). Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management: Challenges and a Path Forward. California Management Review, 61(4), 15–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008125619867910

Triantaphyllou, E. (2000). Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods: A Comparative Study. Springer, 1, 1–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3157-6

Tursunbayeva, A., Pagliari, C., Di Lauro, S., & Antonelli, G. (2022). The Ethics of People Analytics: Risks, Opportunities and Recommendations. Personnel Review, 51(3), 900–921. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-12-2019-0680

Wei, N. C., & Yang, C. M. (2024). Research on Using FAHP and TOPSIS to Establish National Army Recruitment Service Quality Indicators. International Journal of Organizational Management. https://search.proquest.com/openview/d3647eb73d7c1fac9a1d2240d41de960/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=55118

Widianta, M. M. D., Rizaldi, T., Setyohadi, D. P. S., & Riskiawan, H. Y. (2018). Comparison of Multi-Criteria Decision Support Methods (AHP, TOPSIS, SAW & PROMETHEE) for Employee Placement. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 953, 12116. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/953/1/012116

Więckowski, J., & Sałabun, W. (2023). Recent advances in multi-criteria decision analysis: A comprehensive review of applications and trends. International Journal of Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Engineering Systems, 27(2), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.3233/KES-230487

Zelenyi, D. (2025). Data-driven approaches in recruitment and personnel selection. Economics, Entrepreneurship, Management, 12(1), 69–75. https://eem.com.ua/web/uploads/journals_pdf/Economics, Entrepreneurship, Management, Vol 12, No 1, 2025.pdf#page=69

Zughoul, O. M. (2022). A Hybrid Methodology for Ranking Cadets Based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques: A Comparative Study. Journal of Ahmad Bin Mohamed Military College. https://journal.abmmc.edu.qa/index.php/home/article/view/179

Downloads

Published

2026-05-31

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Optimisation of TNI Personnel Postings Using an Android-Based AHP System. (2026). Reputasi: Jurnal Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak, 7(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.31294/reputasi.v7i1.12683