Persepsi Karyawan Sektor Ekonomi Terhadap Generative AI: Meningkatkan Produktivitas Dan Job Insecurity

Abstract

Kehadiran generative artificial intelligence telah menciptakan pola disrupsi teknologi pada sektor ekonomi layanan keuangan. Kehadirannya memberikan kenaikan potensi ekonomi, meskipun muncul respon dari sisi karyawan berupa rasa optimisme dan rasa kekhawatiran kehilangan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi karyawan sektor ekonomi terhadap generative artificial intelligence dalam meningkatkan produktivitas dan job insecurity. Metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian yaitu karyawan yang bekerja pada sektor ekonomi wilayah Jakarta Selatan dengan bidang perbankan, financial technology, dan finance. Teknik pengambilan sampel acak pada penelitian ini berdasar dari cluster kelompok. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online serta mengukur persepsi berdasarkan skor kategori dengan bantuan SPSS Versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi karyawan terhadap generative artificial intelligence dipandang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas. Turnaround time dipandang dapat membantu karyawan mempercepat waktu pengerjaan tugas-tugas (skor 57%). Kecepatan respon layanan dipandang dapat melakukan otomatisasi pekerjaan (skor 64%). High-value tasks dipandang karyawan dapat fokus menyelesaikan tugas strategis (skor 69%). Selain itu persepsi karyawan terhadap generative artificial intelligence dipandang dapat meningkatkan kekhawatiran job insecurity. Ketakutan kehilangan pekerjaan dipandang sebagai suatu ancaman serius (skor 88%). Penurunan gaji dipandang akan berdampak pada tekanan finansial (skor 77%). Penurunan motivasi kerja dipandang akan meningkatkan stres (skor 65%). GenAI tidak sepenuhnya  menggantikan manusia dalam sektor ekonomi layanan keuangan. GenAI berperan sebagai alat bantu meningkatkan produktivitas dan adaptasi bagi karyawan melalui upskilling atau reskilling.

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence has catalyzed a technological disruption within the financial services sector. While it offers significant potential for economic growth, its integration has elicited mixed responses from employees, ranging from optimism to concerns regarding job displacement. This study aims to examine employee perceptions within the economic sector toward generative artificial intelligence in relation to productivity enhancement and job insecurity. A descriptive quantitative research method was employed, focusing on a population of employees in South Jakarta working in banking, financial technology, and finance. Utilizing cluster random sampling, a sample of 60 respondents was selected. Data were collected via online questionnaires and analyzed using categorical scoring with SPSS Version 26. The findings indicate that employees perceive GenAI as a driver for increased productivity: turnaround time is viewed as a means to accelerate task completion (57%), service response speed is seen as facilitating job automation (64%), and GenAI allows employees to focus on high-value strategic tasks (69%). Conversely, employees also perceive GenAI as a factor increasing job insecurity. Fear of job loss is regarded as a serious threat (88%), potential salary reductions are seen as a source of financial pressure (77%), and declining work motivation is expected to heighten stress levels (65%). In conclusion, GenAI does not entirely replace human roles in the financial services sector; rather, it serves as a tool to boost productivity, necessitating employee adaptation through upskilling or reskilling.